Product Description
Aluminium oxide is a chemical compound of aluminium and oxygen with the chemical formula Al2O3. It is the most commonly occurring of several aluminium oxides, and specifically identified as aluminium(III) oxide. It is commonly called alumina, and may also be called alkoxide, aloxite, or alundum depending on particular forms or applications. It commonly occurs in its crystalline polymorphic phase α -Al2O3, in which it comprises the mineral corundum, varieties of which form the precious gems ruby and sapphire. Al2O3 is significant in its use to produce aluminium metal, as an abrasive owing to its hardness, and as a refractory material owing to its high melting point.
Properties
Al2O3 is an electrical insulator but has a relatively high thermal conductivity for a ceramic material.
Aluminium oxide is responsible for the resistance of metallic aluminium to weathering.
Applications
The great majority of aluminium oxide is consumed for the production of aluminium, usually by the HallHé Roult process.
Filler
Being fairly chemically inert and white, aluminium oxide is a favored filler for plastics. Aluminium oxide is a common ingredient in sunscreen and is sometimes present in cosmetics such as blush, lipstick, and nail polish.
Catalysis
Aluminium oxide catalyses a variety of reactions that are useful industrially. In its largest scale application, aluminium oxide is the catalyst in the Claus process for converting hydrogen sulfide waste gases into elemental sulfur in refineries. It is also useful for dehydration of alcohols to alkenes.
Aluminium oxide serves as a catalyst support for many industrial catalysts, such as those used in hydrodesulfurization and some Ziegler-Natta polymerizations.
Purification
Aluminium oxide is widely used to remove water from gas streams. Other major applications are described below.
Abrasive
Aluminium oxide is used for its hardness and strength. It is widely used as an abrasive, including as a much less expensive substitute for industrial diamond.
Paint
Aluminium oxide flakes are used in paint for reflective decorative effects, such as in the automotive or cosmetic industries.
Composite fiber
Aluminium oxide has been used in a few experimental and commercial fiber materials for high-performance applications. Alumina nanofibers in particular have become a research field of interest.
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